Place chopped dates, water, and baking soda in a saucepan and bring to a boil over medium-high heat. Turn the heat off and let the dates soak for at least twenty minutes.
While the dates are soaking, spray a 9" cake pan with nonstick spray and line it with parchment paper.
Preheat oven to 350°F
Sift or whisk the flour, baking powder, salt, and cardamom together and set aside.
Beat butter and brown sugar together on medium speed until light and creamy, about 3-5 minutes.
Add eggs, one at a time to the butter and sugar mixture, beating well after each egg.
Add the vanilla, and the date mixture including the soaking liquid, and beat until incorporated.
With a spatula, fold in half of the flour mixture, then fold in the rest of the flour mixture until just combined. Don't over-mix.
Pour batter into the prepared baking pan and smooth the top.
Bake for 35 - 45 minutes until a cake tester or toothpick inserted comes out clean.
Remove from the oven and cool on the rack.